The textbook discusses the algorithms for performing manipulations in neonatology in accordance with the curricula of pediatric disciplines, which are studied for 2 – 6 courses in higher medical education: “Care for patients. Practice”, “Propaedeutics of Pediatrics”, “Nursing Practice”, “Pediatrics”.

The textbook aims to help students of higher medical education in the formation of professional skills and abilities of objective examination of healthy and sick newborns of different gestational ages, mastering the basic principles of neonatal care, organization of newborn care. These algorithms are based on modern clinical guidelines for the care of newborns.

CONTENT

LIST OF SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS .............6

PREFACE..............................................................................................8

1. Assessment of the child’s adaptation after birth.....................9

2. Primary medical examination ..................................................9

3. General medical examination of a newborn..........................10

4. Neurological examination of a newborn child ......................13

5. Examination of the newborn by systems...............................20

6. Anthropometry ........................................................................27

6.1.Weighing a child on cup scales............................................27

6.2.Weighing a child

on electronic medical scales...............................................28

6.3.Measuring the body length of a newborn baby ...................29

6.4.Measurement of the circumference of the head and chest ..29

7. Evaluation of the big fontanelle in a newborn ......................30

8. Examination and evaluation of the hip joints.......................31

9. Measurement of blood pressure in newborns (noninvasive method)...................................................................................33

10. Primary care of the newborn baby ........................................34

11. Principles of heat chain compliance.......................................35

12. Care of the umbilical cord and umbilical cord residue........37

13. Determination of gestational age and morphofunctional maturity ..............................................................................39

14. Organization of breastfeeding ................................................42

15. Feeding of low birth weight babies ........................................46

16. Calculation of food volume .....................................................46

17. Breastfeeding of children with low birth weight...................47

18. Feeding baby from a cup.........................................................48

19. Feeding a baby through a tube...............................................48

20. Enemas in newborns................................................................51

21. General algorithm of primary resuscitation .........................53

22. The first steps of resuscitation after the birth of a child:.....53

23. A set of initial measures for pure amniotic fluid:..................54

24. A set of initial measures for contamination of amniotic

fluid with meconium in an inactive child...........................................55

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25. The initial steps of resuscitation measures in

premature infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks...........56

26. Clearing secretions of upper airways.....................................57

27. Ensuring airway patency in an "inactive" newborn in

case of contamination of amniotic fluid with meconium ..................58

28. Oxygen therapy........................................................................59

29. Artificial lungs ventilation (ALV) with a bag and a mask ...60

30. Tracheal intubation .................................................................63

31. Indirect heart massage (IHM)................................................66

32. Usage of drugs in the delivery room ......................................68

33. Refusal or termination of resuscitation .................................70

34. Algorithm of resuscitation for a child with gestational

age over 32 weeks.................................................................................71

35. Algorithm of resuscitation for a child with gestational

age, less than 32 weeks.........................................................................72

36. Assessment of the newborn on the Apgar scale ....................73

37. Assessment of the severity of respiratory disorders.............74

38. Administration of surfactant..................................................76

39. “Foam test” ..............................................................................80

40. Umbilical vein catheterization................................................80

41. Algorithm for installing a peripheral venous catheter.........83

42. Emergency therapy for convulsive syndrome.......................86

43. Traumatic injury of the clavicle in newborns.......................87

44. Cephalohematoma. Therapeutic tactics................................90

45. Phototherapy in newborns with jaundice..............................91

46. Exchange blood transfusion....................................................95

47. Lumbar puncture.....................................................................98

48. Emergency care for hypoglycemia in newborns.................101

49. Emergency care in case of hemorrhagic syndrome in

newborns.............................................................................................102

50. Apt test (Apt-Downer test)....................................................103

51. Transportation of the newborns...........................................103

REFERENCES .................................................................................107

TASKS FOR SELF-CONTROL.................................................... 110

APPENDIX 1..................................................................................... 119

APPENDIX 2.....................................................................................126

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APPENDIX 3.....................................................................................127

APPENDIX 4.....................................................................................128

APPENDIX 5.....................................................................................129

APPENDIX 6.....................................................................................130

APPENDIX 7.....................................................................................130

APPENDIX 8.....................................................................................131